The constellation Sextans

Characteristics

Other names / Symbolism
Sextant
Hemisphere
Both Hemispheres
Visibility
January - May
Area
314 deg²
Brightest star
α Sextantis (HIP number 49641)
Specialties
Galaxies
The constellation Sextans

The Sextans, the Latin name for an astronomical sextant, is an inconspicuous constellation located on the celestial equator. It was introduced at the end of the 17th century. There are only a few exciting deep-sky objects in this area for observation.

Hemisphere, visibility, and area

The Sextans constellation stretches across the celestial equator and is visible in the northern and southern hemispheres. It is fully visible between 79° N and 84° S. In the northern hemisphere, it can be seen as far north as the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard (Spitsbergen) or areas of Greenland. South of the equator, it can be observed in many places except for around the South Pole in Antarctica.

The months of January through May offer the best conditions for discovering the constellation in the night sky. It appears with a size of about 314 square degrees, ranking 47th in comparison to all other 88 constellations.

The constellation contains only faint stars, none of which are brighter than 3 mags. Typically, two to three stars are used for visualization on star charts. They are either connected to form a straight line or form an open triangle. The brightest star is α Sextantis (Alpha Sextantis), which has an apparent magnitude of only about 4.5. It is a white-blue shining star located about 287 light-years from earth.

The dim stars make the Sextans very unremarkable and challenging to find in the sky. Therefore, the adjacent constellations can provide a good orientation. To the north is the distinctive Leo constellation, which is particularly well-known in astrology. To the east and south stretches the elongated Hydra. And to the west is also the inconspicuous Crater.

Specialties in the constellation

The Sextans constellation contains several galaxies within its area in the sky. The brightest of these can already be observed with a small telescope.

This is the lenticular galaxy with the catalog number NGC 3115, also known as the Spindle Galaxy (not to be confused with the object M102, which is also often mentioned under this term) or Caldwell 53. Estimates suggest that it is located about 22 million light-years away from the Milky Way. In the center of the galaxy lies an exceptionally massive black hole, which corresponds to roughly two billion solar masses. The German-British astronomer William Herschel discovered NGC 3115 in February 1787.

Lenticular galaxy NGC 3115, Spindle Galaxy, Caldwell 53
Lenticular galaxy NGC 3115; Author: NASA Hubble Space Telescope; Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasahubble/50291843072/

History

The star group was first mentioned in 1643. The monk Anton Maria Schyrleus de Rheita grouped the stars under the term "Sudarium Christi" (Christ's Veil), but this term never caught on.

Ultimately, it was the Danzig astronomer Johannes Hevelius who introduced the constellation in 1690 with the name that is commonly used today. The constellation is said to resemble the large sextant, a large angular measuring device in astronomy. The device stood in his beloved observatory, which was completely destroyed by a fire in September 1679.

Like all of Hevelius's constellations, the Sextans is very inconspicuous in the night sky.

Constellation Visibility Tool

Los Angeles, USA

34.05°, -118.24°

Constellation Observing Guide

This guide shows when the constellation is visible above the horizon and provides the optimal viewing window when the sky is darkest. Times are displayed in the location's timezone (PDT).

🎯 Best Observing Window

Optimal time when the constellation is fully visible AND the sky is at its darkest. Perfect for telescopic observations, astrophotography, and viewing faint details.

Optimal start

21:24

Jul 7, 21:24

Optimal end

21:57

Jul 7, 21:57

Duration

0.55h

Prime observing time

✨ Perfect Observing Conditions

This is the overlap when the constellation is above horizon AND the sky is at its darkest. Ideal for telescopic observations and photography.

Constellation Visibility from Your Location

2

Visible Stars

0

Never Rise

0

Always Up

100%

Visible

Constellation Completeness2 of 2 stars

All stars of this constellation can be observed from your location

Constellation Visibility

When the constellation is above the horizon (includes daylight hours)

Rises

When the first star of the constellation rises

N/A

N/A

Fully Up

All stars of the constellation are visible

N/A

Starts Setting

When the first star of the constellation settles below the horizon

21:57

Jul 7

Fully Set

When all stars are below the horizon

22:19

Jul 7

Above Horizon Times

Includes daylight hours when stars aren't visible to naked eye.

Astronomical Night

When the sky is darkest (sun >18° below horizon)

Dark sky begins

21:24

Jul 7

Dark sky ends

04:44

Jul 8

Darkest Sky Period

Sun more than 18° below horizon. Best for faint objects.

Observing Tips

Use the optimal window for best results
Check weather conditions before observing
Allow 20+ minutes for dark adaptation
Find a location away from city lights
Times shown in America/Los_Angeles (PDT)
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